“The Maker of man became Man” by Augustine of Hippo (A.D. 354-430)

“The Word of the Father, by Whom all time was created, was made flesh and was born in time for us.

He, without whose divine permission no day completes its course, wished to have one day set aside for His human birth.

In the bosom of His Father, He existed before all the cycles of ages; born of an earthly mother, He entered upon the course of the years on this day.

The Maker of man became Man that He, Ruler of the stars, might be nourished at His mother’s breast;

that He, the Bread, might hunger;

that He, the Fountain, might thirst;

that He, the Light, might sleep;

that He, the Way, might be wearied by the journey;

that He, the Truth, might be accused by false witnesses;

that He, the Judge of the living and the dead, might be brought to trial by a mortal judge;

that He, Justice, might be condemned by the unjust;

that He, Discipline, might be scourged with whips;

that He, the Foundation, might be suspended upon a cross;

that Courage might be weakened;

that Healer might be wounded;

that Life might die.

To endure these and similar indignities for us, to free us, unworthy creatures, He who existed as the Son of God before all ages, without a beginning, deigned to become the Son of Man in these recent years.

He did this although He who submitted to such great evils for our sake had done no evil and although we, who were the recipients of so much good at His hands, had done nothing to merit these benefits.

Begotten by the Father, He was not made by the Father.

He was made Man in the mother whom He Himself had made, so that He might exist here for a while, sprung from her who could never and nowhere have existed except through His power.”

–Augustine of Hippo, Sermons 184-229: Sermons on Liturgical Seasons (Edmund Hill O.P. Hyde Park, NY: New City Press, 1993), 191.1.

“One of us to plead for us” by Jonathan Edwards

“Christ calls us brethren and is one of us. How should we be encouraged when we have such a Mediator! ‘Tis one of us that is to plead for us, one that God from love to us has received into His own person from among us.”

–Jonathan Edwards, “Entry 183: Christ’s Love” in The “Miscellanies”: Entry Nos. a-z, aa-zz, 1-500, in The Works of Jonathan Edwards, Vol. 13, Ed. Harry S. Stout (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1994), 329-330. This entry may be read here in its entirety.

“The perfect Revealer of the living God” by D.A. Carson

“Perhaps the most stunning christological sonship passages are those that assign transparently divine status to the Son, or speak, with varying degrees of clarity, of His preexistence. Some of the texts we have already canvassed have leaned in this direction, of course– as when the Father determines that all should honor the Son just as they honor the Father (John 5:23).

Yet we should reflect on a handful of other passages. In the past, the writer of the Hebrews avers, God spoke to the Fathers through the prophets, but now in these last days He has given us the Son-revelation– the Son ‘whom He appointed heir of all things, and through whom also He made the universe. The Son is the radiance of God’s glory and the exact representation of His being, sustaining all things by His powerful word’ (Heb. 1:2-3).

The Word that was with God in the beginning (and thus God’s own fellow) and was God (and thus God’s own self) ‘became flesh and made His dwelling among us. We have seen His glory, the glory of the one and only Son, who came from the Father, full of grace and truth’ (John 1:1, 14)).

It is not that this eternal Word became the Son by means of the incarnation, so that it is appropriate to speak of Father, Son, and Holy Spirit only after the incarnation, whereas before the incarnation it would be more appropriate to speak of the Father, the Word, and the Spirit.

No, for as we have seen in Hebrews, the Son is the one by whom God made the universe. In John 3:17, we are told, ‘God did not send His Son into the world to condemn the world, but to save the world through Him.’ It is fanciful to suppose this means that God sent into the world someone who became the Son after He arrived.

‘The Son is the image of the invisible God, the firstborn over all creation… He is before all things, and in Him all things hold together… For God was pleased to have all His fullness dwell in Him’; indeed, ‘all things have been created through Him and for Him’ (Col. 1:15-19), making Him not only God’s agent in creation but creation’s master and goal.

In these and numerous other passages (e.g., Matt. 11:27; Luke 10:22; John 14:9; 17:1-8; 1 John 5:20), Jesus is not the Son of God by virtue of being the ultimate Israel, nor is He the Son of God by virtue of being the Messiah, the ultimate Davidic king, nor is He the Son of God by virtue of being a perfect human being.

Rather, He is the Son of God from eternity, simultaneously distinguishable from His heavenly Father yet one with Him, the perfect Revealer of the living God.”

–D.A. Carson, Jesus The Son of God: A Christological Title Often Overlooked, Sometimes Misunderstood, and Currently Disputed (Wheaton: Crossway, 2012), 40-41.

“The supreme mystery” by J.I. Packer

“The really staggering Christian claim is that Jesus of Nazareth was God made man– that the second person of the Godhead became the ‘second man’ (1 Cor. 15:47), determining human destiny, the second representative head of the race, and that He took humanity without loss of deity, so that Jesus of Nazareth was as truly and fully divine as He was human…

It is here, in the thing that happened at the first Christmas, that the profoundest and most unfathomable depths of the Christian revelation lie. ‘The Word became flesh’ (John 1:14); God became man; the divine Son became a Jew; the Almighty appeared on earth as a helpless human baby, unable to do more than lie and stare and wriggle and make noises, needing to be fed and changed and taught to talk like any other child.

And there was no illusion or deception in this: the babyhood of the Son of God was a reality. The more you think about it, the more staggering it gets. Nothing in fiction is so fantastic as is this truth of the Incarnation.”

–J.I. Packer, Knowing God (Downers Grove, IL: InterVarsity, 1973), 53.